Is Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose safe for humans? - ChemicalBook

Author: Melody Liu

Jul. 07, 2025

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Is Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose safe for humans? - ChemicalBook

Description

Hydroxypropyl Methyl cellulose (HPMC)is globally known as “Hypromellose” and is manufactured by chemically made polymer cellulose. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is identified with the single Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number -65-3 and the European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (EINECS) number 232-674-9. It is manufactured by reacting partially depolymerized cellulose with methyl groups and containing a small degree of hydroxypropyl substitution. Since cellulose is a high molecular weight linear polysaccharide of indeterminate mass and its degree of substitution will depend on the conditions of manufacture, a unique mass and structure cannot be specified[1]. HPMC is in the form of white to off-white powder.

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Chemical property

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is an odorless and tasteless, white to slightly off-white, fibrous or granular, free-flowing powder that is a synthetic modification of the natural polymer cellulose. Specifically, it is a modification of alkali cellulose produced when purified wood pulp is treated with an 18% sodium hydroxide solution. Methyl and hydroxypropyl ether groups are introduced into the molecule by reacting the alkali cellulose with methyl chloride and propylene oxide, respectively. The degree of substitution (DS) of commercial HPMC with these methoxy and hydroxypropoxy groups will vary depending on the commercial use and properties desired. These added groups confer on the molecule its unique properties of being cold-water soluble while at the same time exhibiting reversible gelation when heated and recooled.

Toxicity

Acute oral and dermal toxicity studies with hydrophobically modified HPMC were conducted in rats. HPMC containing approximately 1.1% C16–C18 alkoxyhydropoxyl content was administered orally via gavage to Crj: CD (SD) rats (5/sex/dose) in single doses of 0, 300, 600, or 900 mg/kg body weight, after which the animals were monitored for 14 days. The dermal toxicity study employed the same dosing groups, with the dose applied to the shaved backs of the rabbits for 24 h under occlusion. One animal in the high-dose oral group exhibited loose stools 30 min after dosing. Otherwise, no abnormalities or deaths were observed in any treatment group, oral or dermal.

A six-month repeated-dose dermal toxicity study with 30-day recovery was conducted in SD rats with hydrophobically modified HPMC. HM-HPMC containing approximately 1.1% C16–C18 alkoxyhydropoxyl content was applied daily as an aqueous paste to the shaved backs of the animals (25/sex/dose) at doses of 0, 20, 40, or 60 mg/kg body weight/day. Five animals of each sex from each dosing group were maintained for 30 days to assess the reversibility of any observed effects. Parameters evaluated included clinical signs, urinalysis, hematology, ophthalmology, and histopathology. The authors report that no toxic effects attributable to test article administration were found.

Comparing the NOAEL of mg/kg/day from a 90-day feeding study in rats and estimated consumption of 0.047 mg HPMC/kg body weight/day, a theoretical safety factor of >100,000 exists. These data indicate that at the current intake level, HPMC does not pose a health risk to humans[2].

Side effects

Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Change in eyesight, eye pain, or terrible eye irritation.

References

[1] Additives, EFSA Panel on and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP). “Safety and efficacy of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose for all animal species.” EFSA Journal 18 7 ().

[2] Burdock, George A. “Safety assessment of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a food ingredient.” Food and Chemical Toxicology 45 12 (): Pages -.

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose(hpmc)Factory - MATECEL

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose(hpmc)Factory

Shijiazhuang Henggu Jianxin Cellulose Co.,Ltd is a reputable and leading factory in the field of cellulose ether products, specializing in meeting the changing needs of the construction industry. Our expertise distinguishes itself by supplying top-tier Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) products that consistently meet the industry's demands for quality and innovation. With an impressive 18-year legacy, we have an unparalleled understanding of the complexities and nuances of the field.

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is a synthetic compound derived from cellulose, a natural plant polymer. Manufactured through chemical modification, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is water-soluble and versatile, finding applications in various industries. It is used as a thickening and gelling agent in cosmetics, food and pharmaceuticals, while also forming flexible films for drug coating and controlled release. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose stabilizes the texture of foods, delays the crystallization of sugar in confectionery and acts as a non-ionic safe ingredient. Its compatibility with various compounds, temperature and pH tolerance, and use in construction materials make it an important component in enhancing the performance of products from tablets to construction materials.

The characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

(1)Water Solubility: HPMC is soluble in water and forms a clear and viscous solution when mixed with water. Solubility can be tuned by varying the degree of substitution (DS) and molecular weight of the polymer.

(2)Viscosity Control: HPMC is commonly used as a thickening and gelling agent in a variety of products including cosmetics, food and pharmaceuticals. Its viscosity can be controlled by adjusting its concentration in the solution.

The company is the world’s best Daily chemical grade hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC supplier. We are your one-stop shop for all needs. Our staff are highly-specialized and will help you find the product you need.

(3)Binder: In the pharmaceutical industry, HPMC is used as a binder in tablet formulations. It helps hold the active ingredients together and ensures the integrity of the tablet.

(4)Controlled release: HPMC is used to control the release of active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations. Depending on its properties, it can provide sustained or delayed release of the drug.

(5)Stabilizers: In food, HPMC acts as a stabilizer, helping to maintain the texture and consistency of a variety of foods including sauces, dressings and desserts.

(6)Temperature and pH tolerance: HPMC maintains its properties at a wide range of temperature and pH levels, making it suitable for a wide variety of applications.

(7)Construction: In the construction industry, HPMC is used as a thickener, water retaining agent and binder in cement-based products. It improves the adhesion, workability and overall performance of building materials.

What sets us apart is not only our obsession with quality, but also our commitment to customizing the customer experience. Recognizing the diverse financial environment, we offer flexible payment terms, ensuring our products are available to a wide range of partners. Additionally, we believe in tangible experiences, which is why we offer our customers the opportunity to request free samples. This not only demonstrates the exceptional quality of our products, but also reinforces our transparency and customer-centric approach.

Our proud 98% customer approval rate is a testament to our exceptional quality. This resounding vote of confidence speaks volumes about our unwavering commitment to delivering products that exceed expectations.

We map the strategic trajectory and invite agents, large distributors and end customers to interact with us. By working with these esteemed partners, we aim not only to provide service, but also to foster lasting relationships that further drive the industry forward. 

Shijiazhuang Henggu Jianxin Cellulose Co., Ltd. can provide high-quality HPMC and is committed to shaping the future of building materials through HPMC innovation.

FAQ

What is HPMC used for?

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is a cellulose ether in which the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose chain are replaced by methoxy or hydroxypropyl groups. HPMC is used as a thickener, adhesive and film former in agrochemicals, coatings, ceramics, adhesives, inks and a variety of other applications. The aqueous solution of HPMC undergoes reversible gelation when heated, thereby controllably increasing the green strength of the green ceramic body.

Is HPMC safe for humans?

HPMC is the abbreviation of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. It is a dissolving agent commonly used in pharmaceutical, food, construction and cosmetics fields. Overall, HPMC is generally considered safe and is widely used in many applications.

However, safety depends on use, dosage and individual differences. In the pharmaceutical and food industries, products using HPMC are often subject to necessary safety assessment and supervision. If you have safety concerns about HPMC for a specific use or product, it is best to consult the relevant scientific literature or consult a professional.

What are the disadvantages of HPMC?

HPMC, as a polymer, has shown good properties in many applications, but it also has some shortcomings. HPMC is a soluble dye in cold water and requires a certain temperature to fully dissolve. Thermal stability of HPMC may be relatively low compared to other materials. In high temperature environments, it may cascade or lose some performance. The strength of HPMC may decrease in dry environments, which may impact some applications requiring moisturizing strength.

Contact us to discuss your requirements of mhec powder. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.

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